SEMAGLUTIDE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: CURRENT EVIDENCE AND REPRODUCTIVE BENEFITS
Abstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting 6–20% of women of reproductive age [1,2]. Characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo- or anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS presents heterogeneous clinical manifestations, including obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and reproductive irregularities. New therapies, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) such as semaglutide, show promise in addressing these challenges.
Methodology: This review analyzed articles published from 2019 to 2025 in the PubMed database using the keywords: semaglutide, PCOS, pregnancy and treatment. Studies were selected to evaluate the effects of semaglutide on body weight, metabolic parameters, reproductive outcomes, and safety profiles in women with PCOS.
Results: Semaglutide was associated with significant weight reduction, improvements in BMI, insulin resistance, fasting glucose, and lipid profile, as well as reduced androgen levels and improved menstrual regularity [11–13]. Low-dose semaglutide was effective even in patients unresponsive to lifestyle interventions, although long-term weight maintenance after discontinuation remains challenging [12]. While weight loss may enhance fertility, semaglutide is contraindicated during pregnancy due to limited safety data and potential risks [5,9,17,18].
Conclusion: Semaglutide represents a promising therapy for obese women with PCOS, offering metabolic and reproductive benefits. Careful consideration of reproductive planning, dosing strategies, and long-term safety is essential. Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols and assess efficacy and safety outcomes.
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