International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science

POLICY DEVELOPMENT FOR EFFECTIVE SCHOOL MANAGEMENT AMIDST DETERIORATING DISCIPLINE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KWAZULU-NATAL: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES

Ngogi Emmanuel Mahaye — 2024-11-05

The current increasing indiscipline in the secondary schools undermines the overall management of schools hence the importance of proper school management for the achievement of the set objectives is critical important(Daka, 2021). Another problem that has come to light is eroding discipline among students in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: the issues under the management of misbehaviour disrupt school administration and jeopardize the educational process. In this paper, I discuss the numerous multifaceted causes of the difficulties that current secondary schools encounter in establishing discipline. Through a review of literature, coupled with interviews with educational administrators personally encountered by the researcher, important areas of consideration, among which include the socio-economic conditions, poor school policies, and a bad influence from the community have been found to be among the important factors that contribute to the current disciplinary crisis. The study employs Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory as a framework to analyse the interconnected systems influencing school discipline, including the microsystem (family and school environments), mesosystem (interactions between school and community), exosystem (external policies and socio-economic conditions), and macrosystem (cultural and societal norms). The findings highlight the need for comprehensive and multi-faceted strategies to address these challenges effectively. Some of the key suggestions include providing practical, effective and clear disciplinary measures to be taken, enhancing school community relations, and providing teachers with training and focusing on the socio-economic factors leading to indiscipline. The study also highlights the practical recommendation as ethical leadership and inclusion of the African philosophy, specifically Ubuntu, in developing the better-discipline school climate. This study provides a valuable contribution to the literature on educational management in South and provides practical research that may be useful for policymakers, educators, and school administrators who want to improve school discipline and management. The strategies put forward present an opportunity for schools in KwaZulu-Natal to foster appropriate environment that would facilitate learning and ensure that learners gain improved education outcomes, and instil discipline insisting on accountability among llearners.

SCOPE ON BIM AS A TOOL FOR DESIGNING ARCHITECTURAL PROJECTS FOR ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS. CASE OF ALGERIA

Khalid Zaouia — 2024-11-15

Building Information Modeling, often known as BIM, is considered an indispensable component of the design and construction process in many nations throughout the world. In order to analyze the practitioners' perceptions of BIM's influence on construction in connection to the many tools and software, surveys were carried out and analyzed with the sphinx tool. The surveys were also carried out to determine the architects' and engineers' capacities to integrate BIM into their design processes. Despite having limited understanding about BIM as a new method of work, the results indicated that both architects and engineers are concerned about improving design processes in order to provide a higher level of quality to the projects they are working on in Algerian context.

SUITABILITY MAPPING FOR OPTIMAL LANDFILL SITE IN COASTAL MOUNTAIN MUNICIPALITIES. CASE STUDY: COLLO MASSIF (NORTHEASTERN ALGERIA)

Siham Agaguenia — 2024-10-21

The management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in coastal mountainous regions displays a significant challenge to sustainable development in Algeria, particularly in its environmental dimension. Local stakeholders face substantial difficulties in identifying appropriate sites for solid waste disposal in this area due to the fragility and complexity of their ecological systems and their potential to amplify the impacts of waste disposal. This affects directly the quality of life, sustainability of natural resources, and threatens the scenic beauty of this tourist destination. Therefore, developing a mechanism based on scientific knowledge to facilitate decision-making processes in these regions is imperative. This paper aims to underscore the importance of employing Cartographic Suitability Mapping for Optimal Landfill Site Selection in coastal mountainous regions as an effective tool to ensure precise results, focusing on the study case of Collo, Skikda state, Algeria. The results show four categories of land suitability: constraint (5.22-7.76) , unsuitable (3.25-4.26), and suitable area (1.21-3.24), with four candidate areas identified as the most suitable for landfill establishment. It is recommended that future studies incorporate social and economic dimensions to further enhance decision-making processes in this regard.

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO IDENTIFY SUITABLE AREAS FOR THE LOCATION OF PUBLIC FACILITIES USING MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS BASED ON GIS AND AHP IN THE CITY OF EL KHROUB, ALGERIA

Abdaoui Gihen Rym — 2024-10-27

Random and spontaneous urban growth is the result of massive natural population growth, as it is in all developing countries. As for our study air, it also results from the unloading of the mother city of Constantine to the satellite city of El-Khroub, which gave urbanization the power to take over its vast environment, An uneven distribution of public facilities in the city’s major districts, as well as traffic jams. This work attempted to determine the suitability of urban land for the location of public facilities in the city. It should be noted that land suitability assessment is a major factor in urban planning and management. Our land adequacy assessment is subject to the AHP model, calculating the weighting of various criteria including physical, socio-economic, environmental and urban. The final adequacy analysis revealed the proportion of land most suitable, estimated at 3.52% of the total area, covering mainly fallow land. The results of this study provide a detailed mapping of urban development potential, integrating both existing data and future projections.

THE PULSE OF THE CITY: 'GOUARIR' STREET AND THE EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC SPACES IN ALGERIA

Farida Sehili — 2024-11-04

The transformation of a neighborhood street into a city-wide street reflects the adaptation of urban forms to new usages, evolving as a space of urbanity where animation and social activity develop. Often located on the public domain, the street differs from the layout of plots, which is constantly changing, its underground infrastructure transforming as networks evolve. In this regard, the concept of the street needs to be assessed in light of the transformations induced by the new urban trends in Algeria. The study of the various urban and architectural transformations of “rue Gouarir” in Bordj Bou Arreridj and its evolution enables us to examine both urban recompositions as an expression of changing patterns of life, and the significance of place in contemporary Algerian cities. This study, conducted from an interdisciplinary perspective involving architecture, urban planning and economics. The aim is to assess the urban transformations and dynamics affecting this street and the people who live on it and build it. In order to better understand the dynamics of street transformation into public space, an analytical method mainly founded on socio-spatial investigation was employed. As a result, “Rue Gouarir” is overseen by community residents and business proprietors, with a conspicuous lack of involvement from local authorities. The interactions within “Rue Gouarir” have substantially transformed the surrounding area, propelling it to become a sought-after and attractive district within the city.

URBAN SATURATION IN ALGERIAN CITIES: FACTORS AND TREATMENT METHODS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF URBAN SUSTAINABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE CITY OF TÉBESSA

Berkani Fatima Zohra — 2024-11-11

Throughout history, cities have undergone transformations due to social, urban, environmental, and economic changes, which have contributed to altering their shape, and growth patterns. This evolution has led to continuous urban expansion in response to the increasing needs of the population, resulting in boundless urban sprawl. The constant effort to provide urban services has driven the integration of new land areas within the framework of urban expansion, often at the expense of the surrounding rural areas, which serve as the city's main life source. These rural areas are the primary base for urban expansion and simultaneously the main supplier of labor and raw materials.

Currently, urban expansion in Algerian cities, in general, and in Tebessa in particular, poses challenges in urban development and planning. This situation calls for exploring alternative approaches when natural or human barriers prevent the optimal use of urban land in alignment with the city’s needs, leading to urban saturation. These approaches should consider the principles of sustainable urban development and rely on tools focused on protecting natural resources within and around the city, as cities are not only the main threat to the natural environment but also the first victims of its degradation.

ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LEISURE PARKS USING THE IPA-KANO INTEGRATIVE APPROACH TO SATISFACTION, CASE TITO PARK, ALGERIA

Soraya Kentache — 2024-11-09

Leisure parks provide innumerable benefits in terms of social well-being and economic advantages, hence the importance for managers to assess their condition and determine the beneficial actions to be taken. The physical and functional attributes of parks are key indicators of quality; especially, if they are inspected from the perspective of user satisfaction. Although previous studies have incorporated satisfaction, few have used management tools together in developing countries. This paper proposes the simultaneous use of importance-performance analysis (IPA) and the Kano model as an integrative approach to satisfaction to assess the quality of recreational parks. Tito Park in Algiers used as a case study, was the subject of two methods: first qualitative-exploratory by 116 interviews (2016-2017) on the sociocultural variables of visitors, and quantitative-empirical by IPA-Kano statistical analysis against 36 attributes hierarchized in 7 families of quality criteria. The results reveal a divergence of visitors' opinions against these attributes within the same family of criteria; this is reinforced by a disparity between the degrees of importance and satisfaction that users allocate to them. This research offers a pragmatic tool to help with targeted and optimized decision-making and design as a means of requalification of the landscape. Because it elucidates the state of the recreational offer and points out the contextual characteristics to be promoted in order of priority by integrating the dimensions: perceptual and time. In the future, two or more parks can be compared using these or other tools by aggregating more attributes.

LAND GOVERNANCE; FACTS AND EFFECTS. CASE OF THE CITY OF TAHER (WILAYA OF JIJEL IN EASTERN ALGERIA)

Bougassa Abdelhafid — 2024-10-16

All religious laws and man-made laws call for the preservation and sustainability of natural resources, including land as an irreplaceable element.Compliance of land use with the guidelines of development and town planning instruments is a basic principle in land use. This rule of good governance leads to the protection of the environment, natural resources and the preservation of the natural, cultural and socio-economic heritage marking a given territory. Aware of this reality, the Algerian state anticipated this problem early on through the promulgation of laws and regulations governing territorial management, the occupation of urban land and the protection of the environment within the framework of sustainable development.
However, the divide between land allocations and its use on the scale of certain urban areas on the eastern outskirts of the city of Jijel gives food for thought on the reliability and feasibility of urban planning instruments in the control of land management. . This deficiency is manifested by the disorderly extension of the built environment, the consumption of natural, forest and agricultural space. This trend, accompanied by the increase in population, generates increasing needs for equipment and amenities and difficulties in the management of all types of waste produced.Taking the case of the city of Taher as a study framework, the decadence of heritage wealth (social way of life, agricultural activities, low population and construction density, hygiene and environmental balance) can increase on board be noticed in view of the areas withdrawn annually from natural landscapes and agriculture. In order to control urbanization and meet the needs for individual housing, the municipality of Taher has planned several subdivisions in accordance with the town planning plan. Despite the fact that the majority of designated land bases are of a public legal nature, these operations for individual residential use have been abandoned under the effect of constraints and disputes. As a result, the land areas in question are invaded by constructions which do not necessarily meet town planning standards and land use rules.

THE STATE BORDER DOCUMENTATION POLICY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

Altangerel Dalantai — 2024-11-12

The international community considers the border policy to be a crucial aspect of the country's security and political strategy. The resolution of the state border issue has been in accordance with agreements, domestic laws, programs, and projects related to Mongolia's international border. Therefore, the Mongolian government developed and approved the document "The basis of the Mongolian government's border policy" in 2002 to establish a legal framework for coordinating state border activities, addressing related issues, and ensuring border protection. This document is based on the provisions of the Constitution, National Security and foreign policy concepts, and aims to evaluate the implementation of laws and international agreements while optimizing the legal environment. The document remains in force since its approval by the National Assembly in 2002. This supporting document outlines an ideological system that upholds the state's independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the inviolability of its borders. It also includes mechanisms for ensuring state border security, as well as the goals, objectives, principles, and main directions for its implementation. This document has been crucial in maintaining the continuity of government policy. In an era of increasing complexity in the global and regional security landscape, countries are focusing on safeguarding border security, addressing potential threats and risks, and maintaining national borders and territorial integrity. This underscores the significance of emphasizing unity, shared interests, and collective security over individual national interests and security. From ancient times (Great Mongolia) to the present day, Mongolia has consistently prioritized its border security and has implemented various policies and activities to safeguard the integrity of its borders. There has always been a requirement to create policy documents for border protection and enhance legal capabilities to safeguard the integrity of the state border, as well as to coordinate and oversee national border protection efforts based on societal needs, aims, and objectives. In light of Mongolia's development policy and legal reform, the state military and institutions with special functions are undergoing reform. A series of state policy and legal documents have been updated and approved, establishing a legal framework. Consequently, there is a pressing need to review the government's border policy, which has remained unchanged for two decades.

MYTHOPOETICS OF THE POSTMODERNIST NOVEL: AT THE LEVEL OF STRUCTURAL-COMPOSITIONAL PROPERTIES

Abdullayeva Yegana Atamoglan — 2024-11-01

The postmodernist novel is an original genre modification of the late 20th-21st century postmodernist trend in world literature, which differs in its unique content, form and functional characteristics in the metatext space. The typological specificity of the postmodernist novel, which combines universal and specific features, is characterized by a dialogue with the historical past. Postmodernist novel revives mythopoetic thought and context, archetype-plot and archetype-images become relevant in such novels, mythologems manifest themselves in the form of plot, motif or image. In the article, the interaction and unity of the archetype-plot and archetype-image division is revealed and analyzed as the poetics of the postmodernist novel. The author of the article studies the postmodernist novel as a unique type of incitement in terms of structure-composition and content, and draws the myths and mythologems involved in the text into the object of investigation.

PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN BURN PATIENTS: A META-ANALYSIS OF DISORDERS AND TREATMENTS

Rima Kedadra — 2024-11-04

The main subject of this paper is the psychological disorders experienced by burn patients, with a particular emphasis on the necessity of psychological intervention in their treatment. The research seeks to investigate prevalent mental health conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety, and assess the efficacy of various therapeutic approaches.
The method relied on a comprehensive review of prior literature and a thorough evaluation of the outcomes from relevant studies. The findings indicated that a significant portion of burn victims experience various psychological disorders. This includes post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression impacting, and anxiety affecting. The research also highlighted the significance of providing psychosocial support to enhance treatment results, as well as the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Virtual Reality (VR) techniques in addressing these conditions.
To ensure comprehensive and effective patient care, it is recommended to integrate psychological interventions into burn treatment protocols, as stated in the paper's conclusion.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTION

Kharit Oleg Michailovich — 2024-11-14

Energy efficiency plays a crucial role in the modern development of the construction sector, as it helps reduce energy costs and lower the negative impact on the environment. Under the conditions of global climate change and growing demand for energy resources, the issue of energy efficiency is becoming more and more relevant. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of implementing energy-efficient technologies in US buildings. As a result of the study, it has been established that energy efficiency is a key factor for reducing costs and CO₂ emissions, which is especially topical in the context of climate change. Investments in this area provide substantial economic benefits: the average net present value (NPV) for residential buildings is $15,000, while for commercial – $50,000. The internal rate of return (IRR) for residential objects reaches 12% and for commercial – 20%. The payback period for residential buildings is, on average, six years, while for commercial objects, it is only four years. Implementing energy-efficient technologies leads to a significant reduction in energy consumption, which provides savings of $4,200 per year for residential and $24,000 for commercial buildings. The decrease in CO₂ emissions is also substantial, with residential buildings reducing emissions from 50 to 30 tons per year and commercial buildings from 250 to 150 tons, both reductions amounting to 40%. The satisfaction level of residents of residential buildings is 88%, while that of commercial buildings is 92%. Thus, energy-efficient solutions positively affect the economy, ecology, and quality of life.

THE POTENTIAL FOR PEER-TO-PEER ELECTRICITY TRADING IN GEORGIA

Salome Janelidze — 2024-11-11

The global energy transition is fundamentally reshaping electricity markets, moving from centralized systems reliant on fossil fuels to decentralized, renewable energy solutions. Distributed energy resources such as solar panels and storage batteries are empowering consumers to become active participants in the energy market. Peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading, enabled by blockchain technology, presents a new model for consumers to trade surplus energy directly with one another, bypassing traditional suppliers.

This article explores the potential of P2P electricity trading in Georgia, a country with significant renewable energy resources but limited experience with decentralized energy systems. As Georgia aligns its energy policies with European regulations, the development of a P2P trading market could enhance energy security, empower prosumers, and drive local economic development. Through an analysis of global trends, technological innovations, and the current Georgian energy landscape, this article assesses the opportunities and challenges in implementing P2P trading. By building the necessary infrastructure and fostering public participation, Georgia has the potential to transform its energy market and contribute to a more resilient and sustainable energy future.