International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science

THEORETICAL ISSUES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION AND EDUCATION SYSTEM SECURITY

Oyuntsetseg Densmaa — 2022-04-20

Education for sustainable development is the key to ecologically oriented economic development by gradually balancing environmental and social development in line with the global vision of sustainable development in the 21st century. The concept of sustainable development has been the main focus and the concept of the world countries. It is the main subject of improving people's living standards without exceeding the carrying capacity of ecosystems is understood as sustainable development, and the key to this development is to develop and nurture people in all aspects. In other words, sustainable development is the ability to harmonize human activities with the development process and to use the environment and natural resources to meet current needs without compromising the needs of future generations. The world countries around the world are linking economic growth to social, environmental, and security issues. The United Nations (UN) and its specialized agencies, focusing on development and the environment, convened two worldwide UN conferences in 1972 and 1992, setting out the main directions for humanity in the new century. This is the "21st Century Development Agenda" approved in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro. Chapter 36 of the program, entitled “Supporting Education, Public Awareness and Training”, emphasizes the importance of enhancing the role of education in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, supporting all aspects of it, and raising public awareness through formal and non-formal education. This is the basis for the education of sustainable development.

TASKS FACING THE SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGIST IN TERMS OF THE GENERAL EDUCATION CONCEPT (NATIONAL CURRICULUM) OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN

Harun Oztash Halil — 2022-04-22

In accordance with the current curriculum reform, in addition to the theoretical and pedagogical problems of the curricula, the study of psychological problems is necessary in terms of identifying learning difficulties of young students. Psychologicalization of the concept of the education system is the main demand of the day. For this purpose, from the development of curricula and textbooks to the pedagogical process we face in this process, learning and mastering, pedagogical attitudes, joint activities, learning difficulties, etc. problems must be solved. “Currently, school psychologists are unaware of the content of subject curricula and find it difficult to provide necessary assistance to teachers in this area. Teachers, on the other hand, approach the problem from a purely pedagogical point of view and do not strictly follow the principle of individualization and differentiation of the learning process when assessing students' abilities. As a result, the development of skills necessary for the future life of the student is not provided enough.

THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN NEWS DISCOURSE

Mehriban Monsumova — 2022-04-26

In the article, first of all, the concepts of fact and accurate information are disclosed that make up the text of the news. Because an event worthy of news status should be taken as fact. Otherwise, high-quality media will refuse to distribute the material. In addition, it is very important to accurately convey the fact to the public. That is, the maximum proximity of the prepared material to the event accepted as fact increases the accuracy of the information. First of all, a journalist needs to have a perception of the event, to have sufficiently comprehensive information, to correctly understand reality, to have impartiality, objectivity and a sufficient lexical and grammatical base to express his formed opinion. The article also analyzes the important points to pay attention to in the choice of words and sentences in the preparation of news material, depending on the type of media. Thus, different ways of delivering information in different media also have an impact on news materials. For example, the simplicity and clarity of words, the size, and structure of sentences are approached differently, depending on whether the real audience is a reader, listener, or viewer.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLICY, GOVERNANCE AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA

Xolisile G. Ngumbela — 2022-05-09

In South Africa, the demands expected of local government appear to be beyond the capacity of many municipalities across the country, and the problem can be traced back to governance and service delivery capabilities. Municipalities face a variety of obstacles, yet they are all obligated by law and the public to be responsive and accountable to the public. The study of urban governance in South Africa is based on a multi-level analytical framework and an interpretivist paradigm, using a qualitative research methodology. Poor leadership at both the political and administrative levels has resulted in a lack of monitoring and responsibility, which has been abused for self-interest. This has resulted in a lack of capability to carry out the local government’s mandate. Municipalities are characterised by disproportionate power distribution in decision-making. This does not allow for meaningful interaction or consultation with decision-makers, who are responsive to the needs and aspirations of the broader community in each municipality. These problems can be attributed to poor governance, resulting in service delivery failure. On a local level, this scenario has been exacerbated by internal disputes and broken politics, which has influenced governance procedures. Effective service delivery requires more than just efficient governance. It also requires a focus on the social structure and institutional norms that affect community members’ ability to change their own lives. To put it another way, governance and service delivery are inextricably linked.

THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND TO THE DEMOCRACY OF MODERN GEORGIA

Lili Amashukeli — 2022-05-19

Georgia was a part of a totalitarian state for 70 years, but if we look back through its history, we find out that the conceptual foundations of the Georgian statehood had been prepared by the legacy of the public figures of previous epochs. The views of different historical periods and the legacy of the public figures conditioned the vector of the development of today's Georgia and the respect for the democratic values. The article is about historical experience of Georgia which has an influence on the political life of modern country.

CERTIFICATION OF CLEANLINESS, HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN VARIOUS FIELDS OF BUSINESS SERVICES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Sapto Hariyono — 2022-05-27

The impact of Covid-19 has given more attention to the tourism sector. The level of threat and risk from the Covid-19 pandemic significantly reduces the intention of tourists to stay at hotels. Cleanliness, Health, Safety and Environmental Sustainability (CHSE) promotes a clean, healthy, safe and friendly environment. CHSE is a policy implemented by the government, especially by the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy in preventing the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of implementing the CHSE protocol in the tourism, hospitality, and restaurant sectors during the Covid-19 pandemic and to see future research opportunities that might be carried out regarding the implementation of the CHSE protocol in Indonesia. This study is a literature review study to see the impact of the implementation of the CHSE protocol on various business sectors. This research was conducted by collecting articles through the Mandeley search engine, Google Scholar, Google. The articles used are articles published in the last 5 years maximum, then analysis and conclusions are drawn. Based on the results of a study of 13 articles, it was found that the implementation of CHSE was able to have a positive impact on companies, especially in restoring economic performance in the business and tourism sectors. From the results of the review, 67% of the CHSE protocols were applied to the tourism sector, 20% in the hotel sector and 13% in the restaurant sector. The impact of implementing CHSE in various sectors, which has the most impact on the economy and 28% interest in visiting tourist attractions. In addition, there are also other impacts of the implementation of CHSE, namely the level of visitor confidence by 18%, visitor satisfaction by 9%, comfort by 9%, Thrust 18% and a sense of security by 18%. The application of CHSE is urgently needed in the tourism, hotel and restaurant sectors to increase the level of the economy during the Covid-19 pandemic. The implementation of CHSE is prioritized in the tourism sector because it has a contribution to the country's economy.

PERCEPTION OF HATE SPEECH IN THE OF FREEDOM OF SPEECH CONTEXT - GEORGIAN MEDIA CULTURE EXAMPLE

Natia Kuprashvili — 2022-06-09

Hate speech, generally, is considered an expression of intolerance towards a definite group, and very often such communication provokes a kind of violence. Stimulation of abhorrence refers to a group of persons determined on the basis of race, ethnical identity, nationality, gender, religion, or sexual orientation, as a rule, it refers to minorities. However, all countries have their own unique contexts that complicate a vivid determination of so called “hate speech”. In some cases, all kinds of negative expressions being humiliating, insolent, slanderous, or discriminative ones towards anybody are perceived by the community and/or separate groups as hate speech. Unclearness of perceiving the hate speech was demonstrated by discussions on media regulation in Georgia held in 2019 when the government expressed a desire, motivated by the necessity of regulation of the hate speech, to change a system of media self-regulation existing in Georgia. Many initiatives were expressed and they were targeted to make the hate speech applied in media punitive and regulatory. The research is conducted using a qualitative methodology. We have analyzed a practice of self-regulation of the hate speech in Georgia within the year 2019, and selected cases that were high-sounding in TV media outlets resulted in broad discussions and which had been discussed by the self-regulatory authorities. In addition to analyzing of the cases and observing decisions made by the self-regulatory authorities, we have also used a method of profound interviews. As we have mentioned above, we have selected two high-sounding cases in the most interesting period of the research (2019). For both periods of the research, it was an author text of the anchor man of the national broadcasting company “Rustavi 2”. The first case was considered personally by the self-regulation council of the Rustavi 2 as well as by the Georgian Charter of Journalistic Ethics. We have analyzed two different approaches applied by both self-regulatory councils. We received similar results of radically different interpretations of self-regulatory authorities as a result of conducting deep interviews. Representatives of parties consider that the text expresses a hate speech towards Christians, but representatives of civil organizations and academic fields of universities do not consider that the text had been discriminative towards anybody. One of the explanations was as follows: “The given example is unlikely in compliance with a definition establishing the hate speech. It represents a subjective opinion of a definite journalist. I think that it does not collide with constitutional norms of freedom of speech, neither is considered a humiliating act against religious feelings as the religious passage was devoted to the discretion of a definite politics and not for the discrimination of this confession. Analyses of both examples demonstrated that understanding and perception of the term hate speech are not clearly formed neither in general society nor in professional circles of Georgia. The hate speech is often put on the same level as the humiliating and indecent expressions. Approaches and explanations of media self-regulatory boards are quite different. The present research partially confirmed a hypothesis that stakeholders interpret hate speech with a broad understanding which considers indecent and humiliating expressions. It was also completely confirmed that interpretation and regulation of hate speech with a broad understanding in practice bears definite risks for freedom of media in fragile democracies.

TIME AS A COGNITIVE DOMINANT IN FORMATTING THE POINT OF VIEW IN JOSTEIN GAARDER’S FICTION

Natia Tolordava — 2022-06-10

The article is about the bestseller of the Norwegian writer Jostein Gaarder’s novel “The Orange Girl” and tells about intertextual searches in Gaarder's work. Emphasizes the writer's ability: to speak lightly, even a little naively, and in an interesting way about the most difficult, to "understand" the reader in interacting with himself, which is the most important of the many possibilities that literature offers. At the same time, it is no coincidence that the genre of Jostein Gaarder’s “The Orange Girl” is supplemented and defined as the mystery novel.