International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science

ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECT ON EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENT IN CONSTANTINE ALGERIA

2024-04-27T21:48:00+00:00

Extreme precipitation events are critical climatic indicators that offer substantial insights into climate change and its variability. This study aims to investigate whether climate change has impacted precipitation frequencies in the Constantine region of Algeria, known for its semi-arid climate with hot-dry summers and cold-wet winters. Temporal variations of monthly air temperature and precipitation were analyzed from 1981 to 2014. Statistical analysis identified a threshold for estimating monthly extreme precipitation during the period from 1981 to 2005 using the Gumbel distribution method. Additionally, a climatic projection of precipitation for return periods of 50 (t = 50) and 100 (t = 100) years was conducted to forecast extreme precipitation values in the future. The results indicate a gradual increase in precipitation levels during the study period, with values generally remaining below extreme thresholds. This suggests no significant escalation in the occurrence of extreme precipitation events. Furthermore, the findings highlight that climate change has had a more pronounced impact on altering air temperature than on influencing extreme precipitation trends.

THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN UNIVERSITY LEARNING THROUGH A BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH

2024-05-12T16:02:20+00:00

The article proposes a bibliometric analysis of digitalization in higher education. Based on research conducted in October 2023, the study explored 967 articles in the Web of Science (WOS) database. It highlights the growing importance of digitalization in higher education institutions and explores emerging trends in teaching practices and learning patterns. The study reveals a spike in publications in 2021-2022, likely in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the transition to online learning. The most active countries in publications on the subject are Russia and Germany accounting for more than 45% of articles. In addition, the analysis of bibliographic networks identified collaborations between authors and the most cited articles, while the analysis of key terms highlighted important research topics such as e-learning and digitalization.

This bibliometric study sheds valuable light on an abundant field of research at the heart of the current transformations in higher education. However, additional analyses are needed to follow the rapid evolution of digital education in all its richness and diversity.

BIM: A COLLABORATIVE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT

2024-05-23T03:45:50+00:00

At the present time, digital technology has fundamentally altered both our daily lives and professional environments. New tools and software have emerged, becoming crucial across various fields, including urban development, by replacing traditional methods. Among these technological advancements is Building Information Modeling (BIM), also known as Better Information Management, which has evolved into a collaborative management process integrating architectural projects.

BIM relies on technologies and solutions that intelligently model and structure the different stakeholders involved in a project. It creates a virtual environment that accurately represents buildings and urban spaces, including their geometry, spatial organizations, functionalities, and other significant information.

This contribution aims to examine the challenges associated with using BIM as a collaborative project management process in architecture. It also seeks to explore new strategies that promote the efficiency and quality of architectural projects.

URBAN REHABILITATION OF THE CITY CENTER OF ORAN (ALGERIA): A RECONCILIATION WITH THE COLONIAL HERITAGE?

2024-06-04T01:30:22+00:00

This research paper delves into the emerging interest in heritage preservation concerning the rehabilitation of buildings inherited from the colonial era in the city center of Oran. It addresses several key aspects: an examination of the urban history of Oran and the development of its city center, tracing the architectural and urban planning movements that have influenced it. Particularly, it explores the reappropriation of spaces following Algeria's independence in 1962, marked by the significant exodus of the European population and the subsequent implementation of a rental system managed by a public entity, the Office of Promotion and Real Estate Management. A postcolonial retrospective allows for an analysis of the degradation resulting from this management approach and the subsequent deterioration of buildings since the full transfer of ownership of these "State Assets" in 1981. The initial diagnosis, conducted in 2008, emphasizes the urgency for public intervention and justifies the subsequent rehabilitation efforts.

LEVELS DEVELOPMENT IN MOUNTAIN MUNICIPALITIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS IN RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS [CASE STUDIES OF MUNICIPALITIES IN THE AURES REGION]

2024-06-04T01:54:39+00:00

The article examines the levels of development in the mountain municipalities of the Aures region and their relationship to the regional development that the region is experiencing through several indicators that we will discuss in the classification. Since the study area belongs to the Aures massif, where geographical data partially converge, the article aims to understand the elements that led to the change in the image of the (old) mountain area and led to spatial, economic, social, functional, and especially environmental transformations, which have made the region increasingly vulnerable. The regional development in the mountain areas has not been related to industrial development and local economic growth, which has made the urban growth a burden on local development in these areas rather than a factor of progress within them. After discussing the classification of the centers comprising the region, which varied in their levels according to the administrative status, the date of obtaining the promotion, the relationship of the centers to the road axes, and the origin of the establishment, we will discuss the classification of the municipalities based on a set of indicators to search for an explanation of the reality occurring in the study area. We relied on the rank correlation matrix to understand the reasons for the disparities in the level of development among municipalities and to provide analyses of the results reached. We utilized 20 indicators, and the result of development in the municipalities was varied: the municipality of Arris witnessed good development, four municipalities had acceptable development, three municipalities had development from average to weak, and three municipalities had very weak development. The disparities were large, from the highest level to the lowest level of development. Several factors and reasons contributed to the development of some municipalities and the marginalization of others.

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN QUALITY BETWEEN BIM COLLABORATIVE LOGIC AND TRADITIONAL CAD LOGIC

2024-06-07T02:53:14+00:00

Building Information Modeling, often referred to as BIM, is considered an essential part of the design and construction process in many countries. The aim of this study is to test the application of this system in relation to traditional computer aide design (CAD) and to characterize the possible contribution of BIM to architectural quality. The analysis model consists of modeling the design process through an exercise proposed to student architects. The proposed solutions were subjected to a detailed statistical analysis in order to characterize the contribution of BIM elements to design quality. The results show that out of five evaluation criteria, four are in favor of BIM, with a percentage of 80%. For the functionality criteria, the results of the BIM approach and those of CAD are reconciled for the remaining 20%. This research confirms that architectural design using BIM tools, even with a low level of collaboration, leads to a higher quality design than the traditional CAD-based approach.

EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF TIKTOK ON ANOREXIA NERVOSA: A SOCIAL MEDIA PERSPECTIVE - LITERATURE REVIEW

2024-06-07T03:07:03+00:00

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a condition classified as an eating disorder that is characterised by a distorted perception of the image of the body. This leads to pathological behaviour caused by the fear of gaining weight. AN has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder and many starvation-related complications. The incidence of AN appears to be stable, but is increasing in younger patients, especially those under the age of 15. Given the global popularity of the mobile application TikTok, especially among adolescents, we conducted a literature review to examine the impact of this application on anorexia. Research indicates that the use of the TikTok application does affect self-perception. Despite the application's ban on content related to eating disorders, it is still possible to find and interact with such material. There are communities on the platform that support each other in recovery, as well as in persevering through the illness. The work highlights the complexity of the problem.

INNOVATIONS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF MODERNIZATION AND IMPROVEMENT

2024-06-09T18:01:40+00:00

One of the general problems in the modern methodology of teaching the English language is the problem of improving and modernization of teaching. The intensify-cation of English language teaching involves the using of: modern forms and means of teaching; new methods of cognition in teaching: computers, audio, video and etc. The requirements for the modern educational process significantly exceed the using new methods of approaching the connection between teachers and learners, transforming of knowledge and ability with different methods of teaching. And all these help learners to improve their knowledge for connection in different conditions to present individual abilities. From this point of view nowadays, the main goal of teachers' standard are not to teach the only science, but to teach of learning methods and ways. The analysis of this scientific article shows that, for learners improving innovation and modernization is the main feature of English language teaching. These methods increase the interest of teaching communication activities, the formation of listening and speaking skills on students for every foreign language teaching. As we know, many years ago, there were many problems on using of technology in education system. But nowadays, improving all kinds of technology and their using increase and all these help learners to get information on all spheres of language teaching ways, improve their thoughts on their skills and abilities. All these ways and methods take place in this article.

ASSESSMENT OF THE SPATIAL APPROPRIATENESS OF THE FUTURE URBANIZATION OF THE CITY OF (AIN BEIDA, ALGERIA) USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS, THE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS, AND THE DELPHI METHOD

2024-06-10T01:20:21+00:00

Spatial adequacy evaluation is a valuable tool for planning land use strategies. It provides planners with data and outcomes that can help them make informed decisions to ensure effective and secure utilization of land in future urbanization processes. The objective of this study is to analyze the urbanization patterns in the city of Ain El Beida to determine the most appropriate areas for urban development. The aim is to create self-sustaining growth centers that effectively support the city, while also helping decision-makers address current expansions and protect agricultural lands. The study utilized spatial analysis methodology to evaluate and map the suitability of expanding the city's future space. It proposed an integration strategy that combined modern methods and techniques of the Delphi methodology to establish criteria for appropriate land use. The influence of these criteria will be analyzed spatially by administering a questionnaire to a sample of specialists in urban planning and city geography, followed by the application of spatial analyst techniques. The user's text is straightforward and precise. within the GIS framework, integrated via the analytic hierarchy approach. The user's text is straightforward and precise. To evaluate the suitability of the spatial location, to determine the significance of the factors influencing the expansion process based on their relative importance, to ensure that the desired goals are achieved in a way that reflects the priority of the decision-making criteria, and to identify the most favorable options for urban development in the study area. The findings indicated that the optimal locations for the urban growth of Ein El-Baida were determined to be 239.57 hectares, which accounts for 26.31 per cent of the entire land area under investigation. These areas are situated on the northern side of the city along National Road 80 (Ain Beida Presh) and on the western side along National Road 10 (Oum el-Bouaghi Ain Beida). These locations have been identified as the most suitable areas for spatial expansion due to their numerous incentives for urban attraction. Firstly, there is a considerable distance from the fertile and generously compensated agricultural areas, which offer unoccupied and level terrain, as well as its proximity to the central area of the pristine city of Ein. The study also determined that integrating GIS with hierarchy is crucial for constructing spatial models that accurately represent physical reality through mathematical means. This integration aids planners in selecting the most appropriate alternatives for urbanization and achieving comprehensive development of the city.

WASTE RECOVERY IN ALGERIA BETWEEN A ROCK AND A RESCUE

2024-06-11T01:22:42+00:00

Since the year 2000, Algeria has been committed to improving the quality of the environment and enhancing the quality of life for its citizens. Efforts have been made to achieve efficient, integrated waste management. The fact is that we are facing a major shock, and for some years now, the state has been showing shortcomings in the field, which demonstrates that the resources deployed need to be strengthened and consolidated. To cushion this shock, we need to come to the rescue with solutions and proposals. This work aims to propose efficient solutions that involve users in waste collection and sorting. To achieve this, we first need to understand the behavior of users by measuring the waste generated and collected, because the majority of citizens want to sort waste, but in reality, this is still not respected.

COLONIAL HERITAGE: A RESOURCE FOR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN EL HARROUCH, ALGERIA

2024-06-29T16:56:58+00:00

The small village, which started as a settlement, still maintains a close relationship with its surrounding environment. Its rural origins are still evident, as it aligns with the rhythm of the countryside and offers its services as a relay and mediator in both directions. The town of El Harrouch, located in eastern Algeria, was chosen for its distinct behavior compared to other similar towns. Although it has not undergone any significant changes or transformations, it is situated in an agricultural basin surrounded by high-yield farmland, which limits its spatial growth. Despite its strategic location and historical roots as the oldest settlement in Algeria, urban development has been slow. As a result, the built environment remains in disrepair, especially in the colonial grid that makes up the town center. This legacy, whose advanced deterioration is due to various factors, is the subject of this paper. We aim to explore questions related to the future development of El Harrouch. Can the revitalization of its colonial heritage lead to a local economic dynamic based on the potential and assets of the town? How can all stakeholders, both public and private, participate in new prospects for the town's development? Assuming that the town's agricultural potential is a driving force for development through agrotourism, is this dimension compatible with short- and medium-term planning policies, and do we have the means to balance present needs with future uncertainties?

METAVERSE: ENSURING LEGAL RECOGNITION OF AVATARS AND ELECTRONIC PERSONALITIES THROUGH A CROSS-BORDER PERSONALIZED ID-CODE

2024-06-30T15:42:05+00:00

The study examines the topical issue of legal recognition of avatars, electronic personalities, and electronic humanoids in the context of the rapid development of digital technologies, in particular in the Metaverse ecosystem. The author emphasizes the need to reform existing and create new legal norms adapted to the digital era that would regulate the ownership and intellectual property rights to digital objects in the Metaverse, considering the global nature of digital transformations and the need for cross-border legal regulation and interaction of different legal systems to create international standards for the regulation of virtual worlds. The author proposes an innovative approach to solving these problems using blockchain technologies to create unified technological solutions that will allow for the end-to-end application of procedures for crossborder electronic identification of avatars, electronic personalities, and electronic humanoids. This will enable each avatar to have its own unique identification set of attributes, ensuring their unique and unrepeatable identification in the digital space, and will also facilitate international recognition of ownership rights to avatars, e-personalities and e-humanoids.

ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN THE RURAL ENVIRONMENT OF EL KALA (ALGERIA): FROM TYPOLOGY TO THE POSSIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTING POLYSPATIAL TOURISM

2024-06-30T15:54:29+00:00

Tourism resources are potential for territorial development and tourism diversification. This article presents research on the evaluation of potential tourism resources in the light of the case study of the El Kala region, one of Algeria's largest National Parks. The aim of this article is to study tourism potential in rural areas, with a view to proposing a typology for the possibility of tourism development, to shed light on this still understudied issue in tourism studies, and to reveal or exploit the potential and local specificities of the El Kala region. This qualitative analysis uses conceptual and institutional approaches to develop a typological model of tourism potential. The theoretical results were then adapted in the field to produce empirical data. The method chosen for data collection is based on an operational approach to compiling a multi-thematic inventory of the region's tourism potential. These classified potentialities can be used to support, qualify and amplify the creation of polyspatial tourism and new destinations. This approach, built on theoretical approaches and field research, can be used as a decision-making tool to build a sustainable, polyspatial tourism promotional strategy adapted to current challenges, taking into account the region's strengths and weaknesses.

IDENTIFYING COVIDOGENIC ENVIRONMENTS IN URBAN SECTORS OF KHROUB CITY (ALGERIA): A GIS-BASED APPROACH TO ASSESSING PANDEMIC RISK AND VULNERABILITY

2024-06-30T16:20:47+00:00

This study aims to assess the pandemic risk in the Algerian city of Khroub and develop a monitoring and health management tool to combat Covid-19 and other respiratory infections. To address the lack of statistical data at the micro-urban level, the authors conducted a household survey in Khroub between July and September 2022. The primary objective of this survey was to collect comprehensive data on vulnerability indicators at the scale of Khroub's urban sectors. The study utilized 13 indicators of vulnerability to Covid-19, selected from previous studies and research published by public health organizations and agencies. GIS technology was used to locate covidogenic environments (milieu) in Khroub, resulting in the creation of a GIS database called "Covidogenic Milieu." This study provides valuable insights for identifying vulnerable urban sectors and implementing adaptive measures to mitigate the effects of Covid-19. In the case of Khroub, the research also made relevant suggestions on how to address the identified vulnerability for the benefit of local authorities who commissioned this study.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ENDOMETRIOSIS PAIN, MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IMPACT

2024-06-30T18:49:44+00:00

Introduction: Endometriosis ranks among the prevalent gynecological conditions, impacting approximately 10% of women during their reproductive years. Primarily characterized by pain, endometriosis is also associated with several psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety, depression and eating disorders. Research also demonstrates a significant decline in the quality of life among patients.

The objective of this study is to undertake an exhaustive literature review on endometriosis in women, with a specific focus on understanding its effects on mental health and quality of life.

Material and methods: We conducted a literature review utilizing the resources available in the "PubMed" database. The search was performed using following keywords: endometriosis; pelvic pain; anxiety; depression; mental health; eating disorders.

Discussion: Research indicates that women diagnosed with endometriosis, particularly those experiencing pain, exhibit elevated stress levels and a diminished quality of life compared to women without the condition. Importantly, depression and anxiety are more prevalent in women with endometriosis, and the presence of psychiatric disorders correlates more to the severity of the endometriosis-related pain than to other disease characteristics. In terms of treatment implications, clinical trials have shown that both medical and surgical interventions for endometriosis not only alleviate physical symptoms but also improve perceived stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions: We found that severe endometriosis-related pain and the presence of psychiatric disorders were linked to reduced quality of life. Ensuring holistic care for endometriosis is essential for enhancing patients' quality of life. Furthermore, effectively treating endometriosis can alleviate the psychological strain it imposes.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MENTAL WELLBEING – A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2024-06-30T19:05:13+00:00

Introduction

Currently, technological advancements have given most people unlimited access to social media. This has both many advantages and disadvantages. Social media significantly facilitate access to information and communication. However, social media can also negatively impact the mental health of the population. The aim of this study is to review the literature to discover the correlation between social media use and its impact on mental health.

Materials and methods

A review of the literature available in the “PubMed” and „Google Scholar” databases was conducted. The search was performed by using the following keywords: social media use, fear of missing out, social media depression, depressive syndromes.

Results

Unrestricted access to social media has become an integral part of human life. This has led to improper use of social media, which can have detrimental effects on mental health. Specifically, it increases the risk of mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and depression. Moreover, it can lower self-esteem and life satisfaction. Additionally, it can foster the development of FOMO syndrome, which intensifies excessive social media use.

Conclusions

Further research on the impact of social media on mental health is crucial to discover effective methods of appropriate social media use. This will help in avoiding mental health disorders associated with social media use.

OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID SUPPLEMENTATION FOR ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT: LITERATURE REVIEW

2024-06-30T19:19:27+00:00

Introduction and objective:

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder affects 5.29% globally, with rising incidence, particularly in boys. The eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases defines ADHD by persistent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Stimulants (such as methylphenidate) and atomoxetine are effective but carry side effects. Omega-3 fatty acids show promise in influencing synaptic membrane structure and neurotransmitter activity. Studies suggest benefits for ADHD symptoms, making Omega-3 supplementation a potential adjunctive treatment.

Review methods:

PubMed database was used for the review. An electronic search was performed within publication years (2005–2024) using English search phrases such as "ADHD," "ADHD treatment," "Omega-3 supplementation," and "polyunsaturated fatty acids in ADHD." All retrieved articles, including original and randomized controlled studies, were analyzed.

Results:

The average Omega-3 intake in the U.S. falls below recommended levels. Western diets' Omega-6 dominance may exacerbate inflammation, while Omega-3 deficiencies could impact ADHD symptoms. Studies suggest Omega-3 supplementation may reduce impulsivity and improve attention. A Mexican trial found comparable efficacy between Omega-3/6 and methylphenidate (MPH). However, a French trial favored a placebo. Recent Italian research found limited benefits in mild ADHD cases.

Conclusions:

As ADHD rates rise, more research is needed to manage the disorder. Omega-3 supplementation shows mixed results in improving symptoms, highlighting the need for further investigation. For a final determination of this impact, it seems necessary to conduct studies with a long observation period, in which various doses and combinations of Omega-3 acids will be considered, as well as retrospective studies.

EXPLORING HABITAT APPROPRIATION IN THE TRADITIONAL FABRIC OF AIT ATTELI VILLAGE, KABYLIE (ALGERIA)

2024-07-01T17:17:39+00:00

This article examines the appropriation of housing forms within the village fabric of the Kabylian region in northern Algeria. The region has experienced significant architectural, spatial, and socio-cultural transformations, affecting both existing structures and newly produced forms. The study focuses primarily on spatial and architectural elements, utilizing observations, visits, and surveys of various cases. This is complemented by a socio-cultural analysis based on interviews and survey guides to identify existing housing typologies and the villagers' aspirations, as well as the broader social context. Several types of housing were identified, including villas, blocks of flats, and apartments. Residents appropriate these different types by integrating modern elements while retaining traditional aspects. This duality is evident in both architectural features and socio-cultural practices. The mechanisms of appropriation reveal an ambivalence in how villagers occupy their dwellings: while there is a strong desire for modernity to meet needs for comfort, security, and privacy, there remains a deep attachment to traditional structures and the values, practices, and traditions of Kabylian village society.

INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE PRINCIPLE OF CHILDREN'S SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT

2024-07-01T17:28:50+00:00

The formation of the need for the special protection of children and the recognition of their rights came to the fore as a result of the historical processes taking place in the world. In the article, the factors determining the international and national legal protection of the principle of children's survival and development have been studied from various aspects. As a result of the comparative analysis, the article clarified the problems encountered during the application of international and national legal norms in the field of the principle of children's survival and development, and presented suggestions and recommendations. As a result of the conducted research, in addition to presenting proposals for the elimination of existing practical and legal problems, analyses of the norms of domestic regulation were also conducted.

THE PROBLEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS IN ALGERIA: THE CASE OF THE AGHA PALACE IN FERDJIOUA

2024-07-01T17:54:19+00:00

Algeria has a rich cultural heritage, but the heritage classification process is still flawed. There are indeed historical monuments that have benefited from the classification process, but in reality have been neglected, such as the Agha Palace in Ferdjioua. The reflection focuses on this type of classified monuments, highlighting the importance of heritage enhancement in Algeria. We try to compare the current state of the monument with the effects normally induced by the procedure of its classification, in order to detect incompatibilities in the process of its patrimonialisation. In order to propose a revaluation of the palace through a new strategic vision of its conservation, this monument must be able to acquire an economic value and a social role with a significant impact, ensuring its sustainability by associating the user with the value of the most appropriate use.

IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON EMPOWERMENT OF RURAL WOMEN IN JIJEL

2024-07-02T00:54:02+00:00

This research document aims to highlight the role of rural development programs approved by the State in order to restore development to the rural world and to empower rural women through various programs and policies which enabled them to exercise their development role, despite the great challenges they encounter. The rural renewal policy has changed the lives of rural women, since thanks to the support funds allocated by the State, which make it possible to encourage rural women to develop and create private investment projects in various fields, traditional industries, agricultural and other industries. The role of rural Algerian women in this support has become apparent. In order to integrate women in the rural world, the State has set up local rural development projects with the objective of developing and improving the standard of living of the rural world. And develop women in particular. These projects have contributed to developing the work of women in agricultural and artisanal activities. We have noticed that rural women can support themselves and their communities and help build thriving rural economies if they have the opportunity to produce.

THE PRINCIPLE OF THE RULE OF LAW IN THE SYSTEM OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT

2024-07-03T02:21:58+00:00

The principle of the rule of law, or legal guarantee, plays a key role in the system of local government, providing a framework and restrictions for the actions of local authorities. This principle implies that all actions and decisions taken by local authorities must comply with the law, including legislation at higher levels of government, constitutional norms and local legal acts. The rule of law in the system of local self-government ensures legal stability, protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens, prevents arbitrariness and corruption, and also helps ensure justice and equality before the law for all members of society.

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FACING THE THREATS OF URBANIZATION -THE CASE OF TAZA NATIONAL PARK- JIJEL PROVINCE, ALGERIA

2024-07-06T19:42:40+00:00

Heritage is a very broad concept as it has been expanded since its inception at different typological, chronological and geographical levels. It encompasses several formations ranging from an isolated object to a delimited site which have been recognized for their exceptional, universal values and their scientific, historical, aesthetic characteristics, etc. Classified heritage can be cultural or natural. Protected natural areas (PNAs) belong to the natural heritage. They are defined as terrestrial and/or marine areas that are delimited in order to ensure better protection against external factors that could disturb or interfere with the biodiversity they contain. Due to their intrinsic qualities, these protected natural areas require protection and tourism development measures.

TERRITORIAL MARKETING WITH VIRTUAL TOURS: AN EFFECTIVE STRATEGY FOR PROMOTING TERRITORY

2024-07-10T13:52:08+00:00

Essentially, the attractiveness of a territory seems to be linked to its ability to attract flows and make itself desirable. We then speak of attraction, or more precisely, appeal, which refers not only to demographic, environmental, and economic dimensions but also to criteria of notoriety, image, and reputation. In this sense, the tourism sector appears to be a vital lever for the competitiveness of a territory. Due to its ability to generate visibility and readability of spaces and vernacular products, this sector is often seen as a first experimentation of a city or country, leading to a possible retention of visitors.

The literature review often describes Algeria as an extremely attractive territory, while other indicators point to a rather unappealing image of the country. We will then make the distinction between attractiveness, which first refers to the presence of potential, and competitiveness, which rather addresses the management of this capital. The challenge thus seems to be oriented towards the implementation of a logic that allows taking advantage of the assets present in situ to better respond to this problem of capturing and satisfying demand, both nationally and internationally. However, this issue must be addressed with up-to-date data. It must take into account the evolution of tourists' behavior, who increasingly refer to digital media to outline an image of their future destinations. Thus, the digital age and the growing importance of information and communication technologies seem to be revolutionizing territorial marketing and, in particular, the tourism sector. Naturally, the reflection turns to Algeria's ability to accompany this movement. In other words, what are the methods and tools used in terms of territorial marketing and, more precisely, in the field of tourism and e-tourism?

Our research undertakes a retrospective of experiences with virtual tours of heritage monuments produced by our team (using a 3D scanner). From the Bey's palace to the tomb of Massinissa, passing through the Roman aqueduct of Constantine, we attempt to highlight the impact of these innovative tourism products in enhancing the tourist elements of a city or territory. An introspection of the feedback on these services will allow us to better understand the expectations of visitors on one side, and to revise territorial marketing approaches on the other. The objective is to move away from classical policies by proposing more competitive, innovative strategies.

URBAN SUSTAINABILITY IN ANCIENT OASIS CITIES - THE CASE OF KSAR LICHIANA IN ALGERIAN DESERT

2024-07-10T14:18:15+00:00

The current research aims to determine the extent to which the cities of the ancient oases applied the concepts of sustainability in their planning dimension. To achieve this goal, the theoretical foundations of sustainable urban unit planning are identified, constituting the first part of the study. In the second part, the characteristics of the ancient oasis cities in the Ziban region, in the eastern Algerian desert, are highlighted, taking the city of Lichana as a case study. It then proceeds to analyze its urban principles and explore its planning vocabulary from the perspective of sustainability concepts, forming the final part. The research concludes that the cities of the ancient oases applied the concepts of sustainability early on in their planning dimension, within their three economic, social, and environmental pillars. The study breaks down these concepts by identifying the theoretical foundations of sustainable urban units, then examining the characteristics and planning vocabulary of a specific oasis city, Lichana. This analysis reveals that these ancient oasis cities integrated principles of economic, social, and environmental sustainability from their very conception.

THE CHANGES IN ENSURING THE MILITARY SECURITY ACTIONS

2024-07-10T14:26:56+00:00

The security and military-strategy landscape of countries worldwide is undergoing significant changes. Following these changes, traditional hard power policies have evolved in terms of content and manifestation, giving rise to the concept of a "New cold war." This new approach utilizes information technology, economic actions, and political pressure methods and tactics, significantly decreasing the budget and costs associated with traditional warfare.

The new Cold War approach emphasizes the use of new technologies, information space, and political and economic actions. As global defense costs rise, the strategy's content and objectives are constantly evolving. The traditional hard power policy has evolved into a new Cold War.

This article will specifically consider the new trends in the changes in military affairs and I will provide my opinion and conclusions. The initial phase of the emerging Cold War is primarily unfolding in the realm of information in cyberspace. It focused on strategically targeting social and political arenas with goal of the weakening the societal and economic structures.

The countries around the world view basis of the potential threats as information warfare, psychological operations, economic coercion, internal governance challenges, transnational criminal organizations, and environmental degradation influenced by external factors.

In this reason, the military strategy and security policy will prioritize anticipating and preventing risks. The science of security has evolved to focus on potential challenges and risks, regulating development policies to ensure existence. Due to these evolving factors, the field of security has transformed into a science of Security of existence, with a greater emphasis on anticipating challenges and risks and shaping development policies.

THE ROLE OF IRONY IN EXPRESSING IMPOLITENESS

2024-07-10T14:41:07+00:00

This paper studies the ways in which verbal irony can be used as an impoliteness tool. From this aspect verbal irony is investigated as a politeness means or an impoliteness tool depending on the strength of criticism, in this case the main matter is equality and inequality in interlocutors’ status. In this case face-saving, face-aggravating strategies happen. The other feature related to verbal irony, its intentionality is studied for intended and unintended irony. Intended and unintended irony is classified as planned and unplanned irony. Irony is analyzed as a linguistics means of impoliteness in the case of over-politeness, for the feature of self-image save and the character of its cancellability. There is little research about irony as an impoliteness tool, or the impolite function of irony, its intentionality, examining the strength of irony depending on the interlocutor’s power differences. In this paper, verbal irony will not be discussed with other types of irony, i.e., situational, dramatic.

THE ROLE OF DIGITAL MARKETING TO CREATE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE TO IMPROVE MICRO BUSINESS PERFORMANCE

2024-07-10T14:55:47+00:00

UMKM has an important role to play in creating jobs and driving innovation. However, UMKM still faces the challenge of understanding the everexpanding information technology. The government has issued regulations to protect UMKM, but they still need enhanced capabilities in digital marketing. Entrepreneurs need to leverage digital technology and social media to create a competitive edge through design, production, marketing, delivery, and sales support. The research aims to understand the role of digital marketing in creating a competitive advantage for improving the performance of microenterprises in Indonesia, in West Java. This research uses quantitative methods. The population used in this study is the entire buyer of the culinary UMKM in the City of Cirebon. The number of samples taken using the formula Lemeshow obtained the calculation of 250 respondents. Sampling technique using incidental sampling. Data analysis technique using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Research results show that competitive advantage is partially influenced by marketing performance of 43% and digital marketing of 30%. This is due to the importance of the role of Digital Marketing in improving UMKM performance and creating Competitive Advantage.

EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL MARKETING TO INCREASE PURCHASE INTEREST OF CIREBON CITY CAFE VISITORS

2024-07-10T15:14:15+00:00

This study is intended to determine the influence of Digital Marketing through Store Atmosphere on the buying interest of Café visitors in the city of Cirebon. The population used in this study was café visitors in the city of Cirebon. The sampling technique uses Incidental Sampling. In testing this data using analysis with Structural Equation Modeling- Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS), with respondents amounting to 200. The results show that Buying Interest is partially positive and significant which is influenced by 17% Digital Marketing and Store Atmosphere partially affects Buying Interest by 81%. This proves that Buying Interest is a link between the Digital Marketing variable and the Digital Marketing variable. This research provides theoretical implications for references for future research related to Digital Marketing, Store Atmosphere and Buying Interest, especially in Cafes. The implication is in the form of Café suggestions so that in the future it can improve the quality of Digital Marketing and also Store Atmosphere for Purchase Interest to increase.

THE IMAGE OF A WOMAN IN FOLKLORE AS A FOLK TRADITION

2024-07-10T15:45:59+00:00

This study explores the multifaceted portrayal of women in folklore, focusing on their roles as creators, transmitters, and subjects of oral traditions. Employing a feminist folklore approach, the research aims to elucidate the complex dynamics of gender, power, and representation within folkloric narratives. The methodology combines extensive literature review, comparative analysis of folkloric texts across various Turkic cultures, and critical interpretation informed by feminist theory. The findings reveal that while women's folklore often reflects the dominant patriarchal values, it also serves as a medium for expressing female solidarity, subverting gender norms, and asserting women's agency. The study highlights the significance of women's oral traditions as a vital source for understanding their lived experiences, cultural contributions, and strategies of resistance in maledominated societies. The research contributes to the growing body of feminist folklore scholarship and underscores the importance of integrating women's perspectives into the mainstream folklore discourse. Further research is needed to explore the regional variations, historical transformations, and contemporary adaptations of women's folkloric practices.

MAPPING THE RISK OF FOREST FIRES IN THE SOUK AHRAS MOUNTAINS

2024-07-16T01:26:54+00:00

Forests fire is the most devastating factor of degradation of the Algerian forest, despite numerous efforts to limit it. Traditional fire prevention and firefighting methods have shown their limitations due to their slowness… , is it therefore useful to adopt new techniques in order to react quickly and effectively. The main objective of this study is to model the «forest fire» risk, in order to produce a risk map, which is indispensable for preventing and informing on fire-vulnerable areas. To achieve this objective, a forest fire risk map was elaborated, on the basis of the scientific methods using geographical information systems and satellite imagery. The adopted approach is an empirical model, involving three parameters controlling the behavior of fire, the topo-morphology of the ground, the combustibility of the vegetation cover and human activity. The study area chosen is one of the most affected areas by this phenomenon (Souk Ahras Mountains). It belongs to the densest forest in Algeria, known for its sensitivity to fire, particularly in relation to its physical conditions (nature of the vegetation cover, climatic conditions (strong Sirocco wind) and socio-economic conditions (high population density).

PERCEIVED USEFULNESS AND PERCEIVED RISK ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN USING DIGITAL WALLETS

2024-07-16T01:42:26+00:00

The rapid development of information and communication technology has had a significant impact on human life. One aspect that is affected is the payment system in trading. Cash payment methods are increasingly being shifted by technological advances, to using financial technology in the form of digital wallets. This research aims to test the influence of perceived usefulness and perceived risk on consumer satisfaction. This research uses quantitative methods. The population used in this research is consumers who use Digital Wallets in Cirebon with a total sample taken using the Roscoe formula of 300 respondents. The sampling technique used is probability sampling. The data analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling- Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results of this research show that the variable perceived usefulness is more dominant than the variable perceived risk. This is because consumers look at the perceived benefits first compared to the perceived risks.

EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ICT TOOLS FOR ONLINE TEACHING, LEARNING AND ASSESSMENT AMONG PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS FROM A GHANAIAN UNIVERSITY

2024-07-16T02:08:46+00:00

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, universities in Ghana have embraced the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools for online teaching, learning, and assessment. However, despite the increasing integration of these tools in education, there is a need to explore their effectiveness in enhancing students learning and educational outcomes. The purpose of this study was thus to explores the effectiveness of integrating ICT tools for online teaching, learning, and assessment in one of the Universities in Ghana. To achieve the purpose of this study, the quantitative descriptive survey design was adopted where a convenient sample of 301 pre-service teachers were selected through and surveyed. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and the results showed that majority of pre-service teachers perceived ICT tools as positive for online teaching, learning and assessment. However, challenges like technical skills, unreliable internet, limited access, training needs, academic integrity, support, and student engagement were highlighted as detrimental to online teaching, learning and assessment. The results further revealed interesting age differences in pre-service teachers’ viewpoints about effectiveness of ICT tools with older students perceiving ICT tools as more effective for online teaching and learning but less so for online assessment. It was thus recommended that there should be increased educator support and training on ICT integration in teaching and learning, promoting online student collaboration, soliciting ongoing student feedback, and targeted training on effective use of technology for learning for mature learners.

LIGHT QUALITY EVALUATION IN DRAWING WORKSHOPS THROUGH NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING’S COMBINATION: CASE STUDY, BLOCK 06 WORKSHOPS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TÉBESSA

2024-07-23T03:24:48+00:00

Daylight is a crucial element in architectural design. The evaluation of daylighting in buildings serves two main objectives. The first is to achieve visual comfort through daylighting, which is most suitable for human physiology. The second objective is to examine energy efficiency and control energy consumption. Daylighting strategies can significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by decreasing the lighting and electrical cooling needs of buildings (Jean-Louis Scartezzini, 1993). Appropriate architectural design not only provides access to inspiring visual outdoor information but also contributes significantly to sustainable development by replacing and displacing electrical energy consumption in buildings (Suzel BALEZ 2007). Our study investigates the performance level of the combination of both natural and artificial lighting in design workshops, using both comparative and experimental approaches. The importance of the study aims at reducing energy consumption and energy costs by utilizing natural lighting when possible. Therefore, the overall objective of this research is to improve the quality of light in the indoor space by combining natural and artificial lighting to create a more uniform and balanced lighting. Additionally, this research aims to create a more pleasant indoor environment for occupants through the use of natural light, which can contribute to their well-being and health.

A STUDY ON THE CURRENT "NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY STRUCTURE" IN MONGOLIA

2024-07-26T21:55:49+00:00

According to one of the six components of Mongolia's national security concept, the country's national cyber security structure was established within the framework of the "On National Security," "On Cyber Security," and "On Armed Forces" laws. Despite these efforts, Mongolia's information and cyber security remain inadequate. Consequently, there is an urgent need to enhance the unified national system for protecting Mongolia's cyberspace. This involves clearly defining the roles and functions of the state, society, and citizens, as well as updating policies and legal regulations to ensure coordinated efforts among the organizations involved in the system.