SJÖGREN'S SYNDROME: MUCH MORE THAN SICCA SYMPTOMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Anna Maryńczak; Martyna Mocarska; Anna Orłowska; Katarzyna Strakowska; Laura Opalska; Adrianna Muciek; Jan Mencel; Nicole Nitschke; Anita Krowiak; Karolina Krowiak

doi:10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3612

Anna Maryńczak Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 them. Saint Jadwiga the Queen in Rzeszów, Lwowska 60 Street, 35-301 Rzeszów, Subcarpathia, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-0921
Martyna Mocarska Gabriel Narutowicz Municipal Specialist Hospital, Prądnicka 35 Street, 31-202 Kraków, Malopolska, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4249-9857
Anna Orłowska The University Hospital in Krakow, Jakubowskiego 2 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Malopolska, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6028-3004
Katarzyna Strakowska The Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Osiedle Złotej Jesieni 1, 31-820 Kraków, Malopolska, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6202-2055
Laura Opalska The University Hospital in Krakow, Jakubowskiego 2 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Malopolska, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3122-3484
Adrianna Muciek The University Hospital in Krakow, Jakubowskiego 2 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Malopolska, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5678-3780
Jan Mencel Independent Public Health Care Facility of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration in Krakow, Kronikarza Galla 25 Street, 30-053 Kraków, Malopolska, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0877-2242
Nicole Nitschke The University Hospital in Krakow, Jakubowskiego 2 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Malopolska, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9817-7903
Anita Krowiak Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 them. Saint Jadwiga the Queen in Rzeszów, Lwowska 60 Street, 35-301 Rzeszów, Subcarpathia, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0077-0925
Karolina Krowiak Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 them. Saint Jadwiga the Queen in Rzeszów, Lwowska 60 Street, 35-301 Rzeszów, Subcarpathia, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6704-0838

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3612

Keywords: Sjögren’s Syndrome, Autoimmunity, Sicca Syndrome

Abstract

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a long-term autoimmune disease that mainly results in dry eyes and mouth due to dysfunction of the lacrimal and salivary glands. It can also lead to a wide range of systemic symptoms, potentially involving multiple organ systems. The disorder is categorized as primary (pSS) when it arises on its own, or secondary when it occurs alongside other autoimmune conditions. Diagnosis is frequently delayed by several years after symptom onset, and even after a diagnosis is made, no therapies currently exist that target the root cause of the disease. In this article, we focus on the systemic manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome and their treatment. We also present current research directions related to the disease’s pathogenesis and therapy, while highlighting specific areas that require further investigation. Advancing knowledge in these fields may contribute to improving the quality of life for SS patients and to the development of more personalized and effective treatment approaches.

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SJÖGREN'S SYNDROME: MUCH MORE THAN SICCA SYMPTOMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

References

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