THE EFFECTS OF FRENCH COLONIAL FISCAL AND BANKING POLICIES ON ALGERIAN SOCIETY (1830–1900)

Mabrouk Mouhoub; Abdelhai Abdelhafid

doi:10.31435/ijitss.2(46).2025.4895

Mabrouk Mouhoub Dr., Associate Professor (A), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Human Sciences Larbi Ben M’hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
Abdelhai Abdelhafid Dr., Associate Professor (A), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of History and Archaeology, Martyr Sheikh Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.2(46).2025.4895

Keywords: French Colonialism, Settlement Policy, Fiscal Policy, Forced Exile, Migration, Social Disintegration Policy

Abstract

The French colonial policy in Algeria, from its very beginnings, constituted a fully integrated strategy to reshape this colony according to the capitalist system. If the military control opened the door for the presence of the colons, the consolidation of this presence was not possible without a strong financial and banking system, which aimed at redirecting the country’s resources and preparing an economic environment that serves the settlement project. Thus, during the second half of the nineteenth century, France sought to establish a financial pillar based mainly on heavy taxation imposed on the natives, as a preliminary step to serve the settlers. In parallel with that, it established a banking system that took charge of financing the settlement projects, by providing loans and financial facilities that aimed to entrench the European presence in Algeria.

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