A REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF FENUGREEK (TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM L.) SUPPLEMENTATION ON ENDOCRINE FUNCTION, SEXUAL HEALTH, AND MUSCLE PERFORMANCE IN ADULTS
Abstract
Research objectives: The purpose of this review is to present scientific evidence on the effects of fenugreek seed extract on sex hormone concentrations, sexual function, functional and morphological parameters of skeletal muscle in adults, and to summarize data on the safety of its supplementation.
Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar with a focus on papers from the last ten years. The research included keywords: Trigonella foenum-graecum, fenugreek, testosterone, safety, libido, skeletal muscles
Key findings and conclusions: Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is a plant from the Fabaceae family that has been used for centuries in traditional Indian medicine, particularly within Ayurveda. It is reported to have a range of health-promoting properties, including stimulating appetite and lactation, enhancing libido, and alleviating menopausal symptoms. Some studies also suggest that it may help regulate blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes, lower cholesterol levels, and improve sexual function in men.
Fenugreek seeds are rich in bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, steroidal saponins, flavonoids, and 4-hydroxyisoleucine. Among these, saponins—especially diosgenin and yamogenin, which make up approximately 4.8% of the seed content—are considered particularly important due to their estrogenic and androgenic activity. While fenugreek supplementation may offer various health benefits, some sources also point to potential adverse effects, including possible toxicities resulting from improper or excessive use of fenugreek-based products.
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