CHRONIC UPPER RESPIRATORY CONDITIONS AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF RHINITIS, SINUSITIS, AND NASAL OBSTRUCTION IN PROFESSIONAL AND AMATEUR ATHLETES
Abstract
Chronic upper respiratory conditions encompass a wide range of diseases including allergic rhinitis (AR), non-allergic rhinitis (NAR), and nasal polyps (NP) affecting a significant proportion of the general population, and posing a substantial burden on the healthcare system. Upper respiratory symptoms impair nasal airflow, worsen quality of life and negatively impact daily functioning and productivity. In both amateurs and professional athletes, nasal symptoms diminish athletic performance and competitive ability. Furthermore, such symptoms discourage recreational exercisers from regular physical activity, thereby undermining health status and increasing the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. According to the cited literature, athletes experience nasal symptoms more frequently than non-athletic individuals. This highlights a need for risk assessment, prevention strategies, accurate diagnostic tools, and individuated treatment. This review aims to evaluate the current state of knowledge regarding chronic upper respiratory conditions in athletes and explore their clinical impact. Further examination into pathophysiology, consequences, and optimal treatment strategies is necessary. Ultimately, creating robust, evidence-based guidelines for healthcare professionals regarding chronic upper respiratory conditions in athletes should be considered.
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