World Science

METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING LEAKS AND ENERGY SAVING IN UNDERGROUND GAS STORAGE

2024-05-26T17:12:10+00:00

The main task of any functioning gas transportation system is to supply reliable gas to all customers. Create a new underground storage and expansion and optimization of existing underground gas reservoirs is one of the priority directions for the development of the gas industry. The aim of the work is to determine the methodology of leakage and losses of underground gas reservoirs. There is a presented an analysis of the hysteresis loop of the underground gas reservoir compaction-removal cycle and the corresponding leakage.

THE METHODS OF THE SORBED QUANTITY OF THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS AND POLYMERS LIQUID AREAS

2024-05-26T17:24:39+00:00

Has been discussed diffusion coefficients, the amount of the liquid particles sorbed by quantity, as well as the methods of determining molecular masses of polymers. We were researching liquid area’s kinetics of vapor sorption on the MCBean scale. We’ll also determine the molecular masses of polymers by the viscozimetric method.

CLEANING WATER SURFACE CONTAMINATED WITH LIGHT OIL FRACTION USING A NEW HYBRID SORBENT

2024-07-13T21:39:11+00:00

For obtaining of porous materials natural sorbents – perlite, zeolite and diatomite were chosen. Thermal and chemical modification and then hydrophobization of the sorbents was carried out. The optimal conditions were determined; amidoaldehyde oligomers were synthesized with the aim of their usage as a matrix in composition of porous materials characterized with high sorption activity and ability to float on the surface of water together with the absorbed compounds. Their removal from the water surface is possible mechanically. Hybrid porous polymers are characterized by selectivity, fire resistance, wide range variability of properties depending on the structure and ratio of initial substances.

STUDY OF SORPTION PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS MATERIALS FOR COLLECTING OF OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS

2024-07-13T21:51:08+00:00

The properties of natural organic, synthetic organic and inorganic materials used for picking-up oil spillages, such as oil absorption, water uptake and squeezing degree, were studied. The main methods of water purification from oil and oil products, the main types of oil sorbents, their advantages and disadvantages were considered.

RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS ON BUCKWHEAT PEELING WITH A DISK HULLER

2024-07-13T22:05:21+00:00

In order to implement the government's "Food Supply, Security and Nutrition" national program, carry out scientific theory and technical research on the process of dehulling, which is the main step in the production technology of certain types of rice imported from abroad (such as buckwheat). there is a necessity.

The year-on-year increase in the yield and import of rare types of rice has increased the demand and need for valuable products used for food, feed, and hygiene purposes, and companies and organizations are interested in selling them to foreign markets. Between 2018 and 2022, primary processing was carried out in Estonia, Japan, Korea, Russia, and China, and buckwheat worth 2972 thousand US dollars was exported. If we study the demands of the enterprises and citizens engaged in agricultural production, our research review shows that there is a need for rice cleaning and peeling equipment suitable for the conditions of our country.

Therefore, experiments are carried out on buckwheat with disk huller using the three-factor rototable designing method, and after finding the mathematical model, the results of determining the optimal values of the technological parameters are presented.

ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF THE PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF DIESEL ENGINES AND REDUCING ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION

2024-06-29T18:46:19+00:00

The paper analyzes the main directions for improving the energy efficiency of marine diesel power plants and reducing atmospheric air pollution from exhaust gases. Numerical study of fuel spraying characteristics by diesel injectors at injection pressures in the range from 50 to 300 MPa has been conducted.
Based on the analysis of the known designs of thermally insulated combustion chambers, the technology of manufacturing a pilot piston is proposed, which is based on the application of a ceramic coating using zirconium dioxide powder on the walls of the combustion chamber of the mass-production piston.

A METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITATIVE STATE OF BRIDGES BASED ON A QUALIMETRIC MODEL

2024-07-11T01:31:41+00:00

The article presents the application of a method for assessing the qualitative state of bridges based on the use of qualimetry methods. The proposed approach considers a wide range of parameters that affect the functioning and reliability of road bridges. The method involves the use of a qualimetric model that allows systematizing and structuring of information about the physical condition of individual bridge elements and functional indicators. The weighting of the parameters was determined using expert and estimated methods, which increased the accuracy and objectivity of the assessment. The development of a qualitative condition model includes the following stages: identification of bridge elements, determination of assessment parameters, development of a qualimetric model, determination of weighting coefficients for each criterion, analysis of the results of a specific object inspection, and determination of the overall operational condition of the bridge. The results of the study show that the proposed methodology can be effectively used to assess the condition of bridges, providing a sufficiently high accuracy and completeness of the assessment. This contributes to improving the safety and reliability of bridge structures, reducing accidents and optimizing their maintenance costs. The proposed assessment method has prospects for implementation in the practice of bridge condition management and can be further applied in the system of monitoring the condition of transport facilities.

COMBINATION OF HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE PRACTICE OF A FAMILY DOCTOR

2024-06-29T16:44:27+00:00

The relationship between arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has long been established based on the results of large-scale epidemiological and population-based studies. The number of patients with hypertension in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been steadily increasing in recent years, increasing the risk of developing both macro- and microvascular complications, which progressively worsens their prognosis. LDL cholesterol is also a prognostic indicator of stroke risk in type 2 diabetes with a combination of several risk factors (hypertension and dyslipidemia), and early detection and early prescription of lipid-lowering therapy for the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular disease is especially important. In the presented clinical case in the patient on the background of rosuvastatin and fenofibrate administration there was a significant positive change in triglycerides from 3.8 mmol/l to 1.34 mmol/l. The problem of treatment effectiveness and improving the prognosis of patients with diabetes and hypertension remains complex. Success in treatment depends on compliance with the following provisions: the effectiveness of the antihypertensive properties of drugs (antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic), the ability to achieve the target level of office blood pressure, SBP, since patients with diabetes mellitus with hypertension are mostly non-dippers; achieving and maintaining high adherence to therapy for many years.

LONG-TERM TEAM DENTAL REHABILITATION OF A YOUNG PATIENT WITH ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA

2024-07-05T03:27:23+00:00

Today, one of the important issues in dentistry is the treatment of primary adentia, which has its own characteristics, taking into account the age of the patient, the need for orthodontic preparation for prosthetics, the design of the prosthesis. Primary adentia brings not only quantitative changes in the teeth, but also creates conditions for functional and morphological disorders of speech, breathing, chewing, leads to violations of the development of facial skeleton and causes underdevelopment of the jaws, which reduces the quality of life of the patient. Primary adentia with multiple missing teeth is a genetically determined condition and very often has a hereditary character in the form of hypohidrotic and hydrotic dysplasia. We present to your attention a description of the complex work of dentists on the completed case of a patient with a diagnosis of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome). With multiple adentia, it is necessary to provide denture care as soon as possible, which requires engagement of dentists of various specialties in treatment and rehabilitation: orthodontists, orthopedists, therapists and maxillofacial surgeons