Guelmine Hichem, Beldjehem Moufida, & Boussaha Mohamed Lakhdar. (2025). INTEGRATING THE STOCHASTIC VOLATILITY MODEL WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (TRANSFORMER MODEL) FOR ANALYZING AND FORECASTING THE VOLATILITY OF S&P 500 INDEX STOCK PRICES. International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science, (2(46). https://doi.org/10.31435/ijitss.2(46).2025.4095